Introduction
Snakes are fascinating creatures that inhabit various parts of the world, including the United States. In particular, Florida is home to a variety of snake species, including the corn snake and the copperhead. While these two snakes may share some similarities in appearance, there are key differences that can help you identify them correctly. It’s crucial to be able to differentiate between the two, as the copperhead is venomous, while the corn snake is harmless to humans. In this article, we will explore the characteristics and behaviors of corn snakes and copperheads to help you avoid confusion and stay safe.
Corn Snake Overview
Corn snakes, scientifically known as Pantherophis guttatus, are non-venomous reptiles commonly found in the southeastern United States, including Florida. They are relatively small, typically measuring between 3 and 5 feet in length. Corn snakes have a slender build and a distinct pattern of blotches or saddles on their backs, which are usually red or orange-colored. The belly of a corn snake is lighter in color, often white or cream.
Unlike their venomous counterparts, corn snakes are generally docile and easy to handle. They are not aggressive and are known for their calm temperament. When feeling threatened, they may vibrate their tails or musk as a defense mechanism, but they are unlikely to bite unless provoked. Corn snakes primarily feed on a diet of small mammals, such as mice and rats, and are frequently kept as pets due to their attractive colors and ease of care.
Copperhead Overview
Copperheads, scientifically known as Agkistrodon contortrix, are venomous snakes native to the southeastern United States, including Florida. They are medium-sized snakes and can grow to be between 2 and 4 feet in length. Despite their name, copperheads can display a range of colors, from coppery brown to reddish or even pinkish hues. They have distinguishable hourglass-shaped patterns on their bodies, featuring darker edges and lighter centers.
One of the key features of copperheads is their venomous bite. The venom of a copperhead is potent and can cause severe pain and tissue damage. Although their venom is rarely fatal to humans, it is essential to treat a copperhead bite promptly with medical attention. Unlike corn snakes, copperheads are more aggressive when threatened and may strike if they feel cornered or provoked. They typically feed on small rodents, birds, and even other snakes.
Distinguishing Corn Snakes from Copperheads
While some people may confuse corn snakes with copperheads due to their similar coloring and patterns, there are several key differences that can help you differentiate the two.
1. Head Shape: The shape of the head is one of the most noticeable distinctions between corn snakes and copperheads. Corn snakes have a slender, slightly pointed head, whereas copperheads have a noticeably broader and more triangular-shaped head, which is a common characteristic of venomous snakes.
2. Eye Pupil Shape: Another distinguishing feature is the shape of the eye pupils. Corn snakes have round pupils, much like humans, while copperheads have elliptical or cat-like pupils. This difference in pupil shape is more commonly associated with venomous snakes.
3. Tail-tip: The tail-tip can provide valuable information as well. In corn snakes, the tail ends in a round or blunt tip. In contrast, the tail-tip of a copperhead is sharp and tapers to a fine point.
4. Scales: Close examination of the scales can also help differentiate between the two snakes. Corn snakes have smooth scales, giving them a glossy appearance. On the other hand, copperheads have keeled scales, which feel rough to the touch due to a small ridge running down the center of each scale. The keeled scales of copperheads aid in climbing trees and surfaces.
5. Behavior and Aggression: Corn snakes are generally non-aggressive and easily intimidated. They may try to escape or hide when confronted. On the contrary, copperheads are more inclined to display aggressive behavior when they feel threatened. They may coil, raise their heads, and even strike if they perceive danger.
Conclusion
In order to avoid confusion and ensure your safety when encountering snakes, it is important to be able to distinguish between species accurately. The corn snake and the copperhead are two snake species that often get mistaken for one another due to their similar colors and patterns. However, by observing characteristics such as head shape, eye pupil shape, tail-tip, scales, and behavior, you can differentiate between the two.
Remember that copperheads are venomous, and it is crucial to exercise caution and respect when encountering them in the wild. If you are unsure about the snake you have encountered, it is always best to leave it undisturbed and seek the guidance of a wildlife expert.
By understanding these key differences and educating yourself about snakes in your area, such as Florida, you can appreciate the beauty of these creatures while staying safe and avoiding any unnecessary confusion or harm.