Mistaken Identities: Corn Snakes vs. Scarlet King Snakes

Introduction:

Snakes are fascinating creatures that come in a variety of shapes, sizes, and colors. However, sometimes they can be difficult to identify accurately, leading to mistaken identities. One such case is the confusion between corn snakes and scarlet king snakes. These two species share similar characteristics, leading to misconceptions and misunderstandings among snake enthusiasts and even experts. In this article, we will explore the key differences between these two snakes, their habitats, characteristics, and behaviors to help clarify the confusion surrounding their identities.

Corn Snakes:

Corn snakes (Pantherophis guttatus) are non-venomous colubrid snakes native to the southeastern and central United States. They are popular among reptile enthusiasts due to their docile nature, ease of care, and vibrant color variations. Corn snakes typically range in size from 3 to 6 feet in length, with a slender body and a distinct pattern of red or orange blotches outlined in black on a lighter background. These blotches resemble kernels of maize, hence the name “corn” snake.

Scarlet King Snakes:

Scarlet king snakes (Lampropeltis elapsoides) are also non-venomous colubrid snakes found in the southeastern United States. They share a similar appearance to coral snakes (Micrurus spp.), with vibrant red, yellow or white, and black bands. Scarlet king snakes have a tri-colored pattern, with bands of red touching bands of black, followed by bands of yellow or white. This coloration is seen on their entire body, including the head. This resemblance to venomous coral snakes often leads to mistaken identities.

Distinguishing Features:

While it can be challenging to differentiate between corn snakes and scarlet king snakes, there are a few key features to look out for:

1. Head Shape and Color: Corn snakes have a slightly triangular-shaped head with nostrils located on the sides. They typically have a rusty-red coloration on their head. On the other hand, scarlet king snakes have a rounder head shape, and their snouts and noses are entirely black.

2. Banding Pattern: The banding pattern is one of the most crucial features to consider when identifying corn snakes and scarlet king snakes. Corn snakes have a pattern of blotches or saddle-shaped markings that run along the length of their body. These blotches are distinctly outlined in black and vary in color, ranging from red, orange, black, and brown, depending on the subspecies and morph. In contrast, scarlet king snakes have a tri-colored banding pattern of black, red, and yellow or white. The red bands on a scarlet king snake will touch the black bands, while in coral snakes, they do not come into contact.

3. Body Shape and Size: Corn snakes are relatively slender and have a more cylindrical body shape compared to scarlet king snakes. Scarlet king snakes tend to have a slightly thicker body and a rounder overall appearance.

4. Habitat Preference: Corn snakes are more adaptable and can be found in a variety of habitats, including forests, fields, swamps, and even residential areas. They are often found near rodent burrows, as their primary diet consists of small mammals. On the other hand, scarlet king snakes prefer moist environments such as marshes, wetlands, and swampy areas with abundant vegetation. They are also known to inhabit pine flatwoods and sandhill habitats.

Behavior and Diet:

Corn snakes and scarlet king snakes have similar behavior and diet due to their shared colubrid ancestry. Both species are constrictors, meaning they catch and overpower their prey by coiling around it and squeezing until it can no longer breathe. They feed primarily on mice, rats, birds, and other small vertebrates.

Corn snakes are known for their relatively calm and docile nature, making them popular pets. They are generally easy to handle and adapt well to captive environments. Scarlet king snakes, although generally non-aggressive, may be more elusive and defensive compared to corn snakes. They may musk or even bite if they feel threatened, but their bites are harmless to humans.

Conservation Status:

Both corn snakes and scarlet king snakes are not currently listed as endangered or vulnerable species. However, corn snakes, especially those with specific color morphs, have been subject to exploitation in the pet trade. Additionally, habitat loss and fragmentation due to urban development pose threats to their populations. It is essential for reptile enthusiasts and pet owners to ensure responsible breeding practices and support conservation efforts to protect these snake species and their habitats.

Conclusion:

The mistaken identity between corn snakes and scarlet king snakes is a common occurrence due to their similar appearances and banding patterns. However, their distinct head shape, coloration, body size, and behavior can help differentiate between the two species. Understanding these differences not only aids in accurate identification but also promotes conservation efforts and responsible pet ownership. By appreciating the unique characteristics of each species, snake enthusiasts can gain a better understanding of these fascinating creatures and contribute to their preservation in the wild.